英语培训长难句中常见的错误类型

一、句法错误

1. 主谓不一致：

在复合句中，尤其是当主语离谓语较远时，考生容易忽视主谓一致的问题。例如，“a series of debates between the two lecturers were scheduled for the next weekend”就是一个典型的主谓不一致错误，因为主语是“series”，所以谓语应为单数形式“was”。

1. 句子结构混乱：

考生可能将两个句子糅合在一起，没有使用适当的标点符号或连词进行分隔，导致句子结构混乱。例如，“there are many students play football on the sports ground”就是一个结构混乱的句子，可以改为“there are many students on the sports ground. They are playing football”或使用其他连词和标点符号进行连接。

1. 分词使用不当：

考生在使用现在分词或过去分词作状语时，容易出错。例如，“while celebrate their 20th anniversary in the restaurant, the wine glass broke and damaged mr. white‘s finger”就是一个分词使用不当的错误，应改为“while mr. white was celebrating their 20th anniversary in the restaurant”或“when mr. white celebrated their 20th anniversary in the restaurant”。

二、语法错误

1. 时态不一致：

在长难句中，时态的使用往往更加复杂。考生可能在使用两种或两种以上的时态时出错。例如，“this great loss had kill mrs. white, but actually this free her from her husband”就是一个时态不一致的错误，应改为“this great loss had killed mrs. white, but actually this freed her from her husband”。

1. 被动语态使用错误：

考生在使用被动语态时，可能忘记添加“be”动词，或者错误地使用其他动词形式。例如，“the man had reproached by his daughter who was angry that he had deserted her mother for twenty years”就是一个被动语态使用错误的句子，应改为“the man had been reproached by his daughter”。

三、逻辑错误

1. 比较对象不一致：

在使用形容词和副词的比较级时，考生可能容易忽视比较对象应该一致的问题。例如，“the average life span in the 1980‘s was much longer than 1880’s”就是一个比较对象不一致的错误，应改为“the average life span in the 1980‘s was much longer than that in the 1880’s”。

1. 定语从句关系词使用错误：

考生在写定语从句时，可能在关系词的选择上出现错误。例如，“Careful analyses of the chart above may reveal the reason behind the trend, which involve three causes”就是一个定语从句关系词使用错误的句子，因为“which”在这里指代的是“analyses”，而“analyses”是复数形式，所以谓语动词“involve”应为复数形式“involve”，但更准确的表达应该是“which involves three causes”，因为“which”在这里应该指代“reason”，而“reason”是单数形式。此外，如果先行词由“as much/many, such”等修饰时，定语从句只能用“as”引导。

四、词汇错误

1. 及物动词和不及物动词混淆：

考生可能混淆及物动词和不及物动词的用法，导致句子结构错误。例如，“I did not know what was happened in the classroom”就是一个及物动词和不及物动词混淆的错误，因为“happen”是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语，所以应改为“I did not know what had happened in the classroom”。

1. 冠词使用不当：

考生在冠词的使用上也可能出错，特别是在元音音素前应该使用“an”而不是“a”时。例如，“writing a essay is difficult for students who english is a second language”就是一个冠词使用不当的错误，应改为“writing an essay is difficult for students whose English is a second language”。